Faster pretreatment time, a bisulfite charge much less than that of bleachable grade bisulfite pulping, and avoiding bleaching and related unit operations downstream makes the cost of pretreatment more consistent with what can be a cost-effective replacement for sugar.
Slover et al. [24] used a Markov decision model to demonstrate that computer navigation is less likely to be a cost-effective investment in healthcare improvement in centers with a low volume of joint replacements.
On this basis, the prototype was developed as a cost-effective replacement for commercial NIR devices and was tested in clinical setting.
Nevertheless, some investigators reported that exhaled NO measurement had limited value in the direct diagnosis of pulmonary TB, although it revealed 84% sensitivity and 67% specificity, but it may be worth developing as a cost-effective replacement of chest radiography in screening algorithms of pulmonary TB, where chest radiography is not available [ 25].
The technology leveled the playing field, making disk storage a cost-effective replacement for tape worldwide.
Total hip replacement (THR) is a cost-effective elective procedure undertaken to relieve pain and improve quality of life for severe end-stage arthritis [ 1, 2], with the rate for primary THR in Australia for 2005 2006 reported as 102.2 per 100,000 [ 3].
Total joint replacement (TJR) surgery is a cost-effective means of treating primarily osteoarthritis.
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a cost effective and safe form of renal replacement therapy in end stage renal disease.
Brandon Carr may have departed, but Stanford Routt was expected to be an effective replacement.
The Stockholm Convention Secretariat plans to prevent future uses of DDT, even though there is no cost-effective replacement for DDT.
Gulf of Maine redfish used to be used as lobster bait, and now is a healthy, delicious, cost-effective replacement for tilapia.
