The last argument is a binary value (0 or 1) that defines whether or not the z orientation (usually slices) will be swapped.
At the end of the bbcore_mech.dat file is a binary value that is used by the CoreNEURON reader to determine if byteswapping is needed in case of machine endianness difference between writing and reading.
In each round an input vector of sensor readings x is produced, where the i-th entry of x is a binary value produced by the i-th sensor.
Here, α is a binary value which represents the availability of channel b to OBU i (0 = PU absent, 1 = PU present).
In this scenario, the secondary users communicate with each other in order to reach consensus on busy or idle status of the primary user, which is a binary value [6].
Since the decision variable x ij is a binary value from which it is given x ij 2 = x ij, we rewrite the non-linear component in the objective function of Equation 1 as x ij · ( x ij - x i - 1 j ) ⇒ x ij 2 - x ij · x i - 1 j ⇒ x ij - x ij · x i - 1 j.
where l 1 ≥ 0 and l 2 ≥ 0 are left shifts, r ≥ 0 is a right shift, s 2 is a binary value, i.e., s 2∈{0,1}, q is the set of parameters (so-called the configuration) of the A-operation, i.e., q = {l 1, l 2, r, s 2}, and u 1 and u 2 are odd integers.
We also define a binary perturbation matrix K, where k i, j is a binary value corresponding to the j-th gene in the i-th sample, just like in the matrix E. If k i, j is equal to 1, it means that the j-th gene is known to be initially perturbed, for example knocked out, in the i-th experiment.
For a given response y j and covariates x j, (2) y j = y (x j ) = β 1 b 1 (x j ) + β 2 b 2 (x j ) + ⋯ + β k b k (x j ), where the y j in this study is a binary value for the corresponding metabolite, 1 for differential metabolites and 0 for nondifferential metabolites in the network; x j is the GN score for the corresponding metabolite.
All others ratios were considered insignificant and were assigned a binary value of 0. Fisher exact test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used to identify any biological function categories that were significantly over or underrepresented in animals with active UTI compared to animals that spontaneously cleared infection.
