The division of V. vulnificus populations into 2 major groups is consistent with results of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis studies (19 ).
The results of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) argue that Shigella diverged from Escherichia coli in eight independent events and, therefore, may not constitute a separate genus [ 2, 3].
These clonal complexes on the model were predicted on the basis of phenotypes, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), and the presence of the +93 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the uidA gene that encode for GUD (1 ).
The STRUCTURE program uses a Bayesian approach to cluster accessions of a collection into subpopulations on the basis of multilocus genotype data [12] [14].
Since then numerous microbial species have been characterized with regard to the degree of clonality on the basis of multilocus LD as well as by improved methodologies, revealing differing impacts of recombination on the genetic diversity among species [9], [10].
On the basis of multilocus sequence analysis of chromosomal housekeeping genes, this group was found to be genetically distinct from other B. garinii strains.
To compute the probability that an individual belonged to each reference population, assignment tests were performed on the basis of multilocus genotype data using GENECLASS version 2.0 [ 43].
This strain has been recently suggested for classification with 3 others as a subspecies within the species R. conorii on the basis of multilocus sequence typing (4 ).
An onsite investigation of the potential exposure site found the vector, Ornithodoros hermsi ticks, and 1 chipmunk infected with spirochetes, which on the basis of multilocus sequence typing were identical to the spirochete isolated from the patient.
