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On the basis of morphological traits and historical records, two old Swedish trees were concluded to represent 'Pendula Nova'.
The estimation of genetic variation on the basis of morphological traits alone, which are the product of gene and environmental interactions, does not determine the actual level of genetic variation among studied individuals [ 10].
Phenotypic comparison of parental C. venusta (n = 32) with C. lutrensis (n = 20) from the reference populations confirmed that the two species can be readily distinguished on the basis of morphological traits (manova: F3,48 = 504.68, P < 0.001; see also Fig. 4).
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Using the cichlid species Tropheus moorii, we assessed the potential for microevolution in a set of morphological traits by estimating their quantitative genetic basis of variation.
Analysis of morphological and molecular information provides a more solid basis to define the characteristics of a breed than the use of morphological traits alone.
for later measurements of morphological traits.
Heterogeneity of morphological traits among the participants was sought out.
Morphological integration and modularity within semi-autonomous modules are essential mechanisms for the evolution of morphological traits.
Numbers of rG estimates were also unevenly distributed among trait classes (Fig. S3B) – most rG estimates were within trait types (66%), with combinations of morphological traits with other morphological traits being the most numerous (39%, Fig. 7).
A wide range of variation exits in terms of morphological traits among the individual lines.
This way, the entire set of parameters summarizes both mean and variance values of morphological traits.
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