Providing evidence for a genetic basis of morphological divergence between rapidly evolving populations that lack divergence in selectively neutral DNA will not only inform conservation efforts but also provide insight into the mechanisms of the early processes of speciation.
In this study, we investigated the quantitative genetic basis of divergence in male wing spots and displays between D. elegans, which possesses both traits, and its sibling species D. gunungcola, which lacks them.
Again, the mutation rate μ was obtained on the basis of the divergence between human and chimpanzee and under the assumption both that the species separation occurred 6 MYA and of a generation time of 25 years.
The mutation rate μ was obtained on the basis of the divergence between human and chimpanzee and under the assumption both that the species separation occurred 6 Ma (Glazko and Nei 2003) and of a generation time of 25 years.
On the basis of sequence divergence between these genes, the authors predicted the existence of two evolutionary strata: one large pericentric region encompassing most of the chromosome and another much smaller region distal to the mat locus.
There is a paucity of evidence about the genetic basis of early divergence between two lineages as they emerge from a common ancestor (reviewed in Coyne and Orr 2004; Nosil and Schluter 2011).
Over the last few years, gene expression studies have been intensively used to investigate the molecular basis of adaptive divergence between whitefish ecotypes in North American (taxon Coregonus clupeaformis) lakes [ 2, 8, 44].
Again, the mutation rate μ was obtained on the basis of the divergence between human and chimpanzee or orangutan or macaque and under the assumption both that the species separation occurred 6, 13 and 23 MY ago, respectively [ 58] and of a generation time of 25 years.
Previous data estimated the times of divergence between LIV and other member viruses of the tickborne flavivirus complex on the basis of an analysis of the rates of nonsynonymous substitutions within complete E gene sequences (8).
Obama delivered his address after decades of divergence between America's richest citizens and everybody else.
