Finally, hypotheses generated from epidemiological surveys may contribute to test new basic studies and can be considered as a complementary strategy to translational research.
Despite promising short- and midterm results from clinical studies, further basic science and translational studies are desirable before routine use of ACNs in clinical practice.
Animal models for articular cartilage repair are vital for basic scientific and translational studies (Hunziker 2009; Blaney Davidson et al. 2014).
With these advantages, organoids technology provides a unique model system for a wide range of applications in both basic research and translational studies.
These activities are expected to encourage basic, developmental, and translational studies in many areas of cancer research including molecular biology, immunology, and genetics.
Although the specific molecular mechanism by which sclerostin inhibits bone formation is an area of continuing investigation, basic science and translational studies have demonstrated that sclerostin can bind to BMPs and Wnt co-receptors (LRP 5 and 6) and inhibit BMP-mediated bone formation as well as the canonical Wnt signaling pathway [ 75].
Our Nrp1 VEGF− line provides a powerful new genetic tool for selectively interrogating the function of VEGF-NRP1 binding in broad areas of basic research and translational study.
As calpain research enters this new era, both basic science and translational biomedical studies are well positioned to launch comprehensive calpain studies.
Thus, in contrast to other models, such as MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-wnt1, in which pooling individual mouse tumors can generate sufficient material for basic and translational studies [ 16, 42], Brca1 tumors will need to be analyzed individually and these studies are limited by the size of each original tumor.
