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Non-linear innovation is interested in a more direct and parallel coupling of knowledge production and knowledge application, where there are mutual interferences and parallel as well as parallelized interactions between basic research and knowledge application.
"One of the dangers we run now is that the innovative aspect is given … excessive weight, and that the source which innovation needs to come from, that is basic research and knowledge, is abandoned," says Juan Lerma, director of the Institute of Neurosciences in Alicante and president of the Spanish Society for Neuroscience.
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But the mode 3 university does not assume an intrinsic contradiction between basic research and innovation (knowledge application): in fact, quite contrarily, the mode 3 university sees benefits and opportunities in a parallel (non-linear) approach to knowledge production and knowledge application, to forms of combinations between basic research and innovation.
Based on basic research and deep knowledge of methanotrophs, there are more possibilities to make methanotrophs become important and universal industrial microorganisms (Jiang et al. [2010]).
Our goal is to provide a concise overview of the basic research and how this knowledge can be translated into a new clinical paradigm for patient management.
The linear model of innovation also has become challenged by non-linear models of innovation, which are interested in drawing more direct connections between knowledge production and knowledge application, where basic research and innovation are being coupled together not in a first-then, but in an 'as well as' and 'parallel' (parallelized) relationship (Campbell and Carayannis [2012]).
To fulfill its mission, the Agency relies on diverse performers to apply multi-disciplinary approaches to both advance knowledge through basic research and create innovative technologies that address current practical problems through applied research.
In particular, the use of electrocochleographic recordings could help in bridging knowledge from basic research and clinical evaluation.
With the emergence of a global knowledge economy, science (as basic research) and technology (as a product of applied research) are more tightly coupled to form the basis for national wealth creation.
"The master of philosophy in epidemiology would allow me to translate the insight gained from population trends to knowledge that would inform basic research, and equip me with an understanding of how basic research can be better applied to improve population health.
A premier monthly, medical journal in the fields of gastroenterology and hepatology, featuring basic research and clinical research and the application of new knowledge to practice.
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