Income inequalities can have different implications for levels of well-being in different countries, depending on whether other basic needs such as housing, health care, and food are largely market-based and on whether people have access to productive resources such as land, water, and technology.
At the same time, the unplanned origin of these neighborhoods often illegal or semilegal offers some answers to basic needs such as housing and basic provisions, but does not allow the public interventions that guarantee equally basic services such as electricity, water or transport, nor they provide a good access to urban opportunities such as services and jobs.
Probation or parole involvement could provide a mechanism to connect a severely disadvantaged and vulnerable group of women to services that address basic needs (such as housing and legal sources of income) and health service needs (such as substance abuse and mental health treatment -thereby promotreatment -thereby stability and safety.
1 9 Individuals with multiple comorbidities, who frequently experience mental health problems and illnesses, 4 are often of low socioeconomic status 5 and have unmet basic needs, such as housing, employment and transportation.
32 The estimation of the costs related to basic needs, such as housing, clothing, and food, might also heavily be influenced by local factors, as it is the case in Switzerland where important differences between cantons (from 320 768 CHF per person per month) have been reported by the Swiss Federal Commission on Migration.
Indeed, a better understanding of the economic cost of torture – which corresponds to the financial charges related to health care and the rehabilitation of victims of torture, but also to the financial charges related to their professional reorientation, to the education of their children, and to their basic needs, such as housing and food – is needed.
Sewing operators' pay is approximately £32 (3,861 taka) a month and the women interviewed cited their average household spending on basic needs such as food, housing and education for their children at around £68 (8,896 taka) a month.
Thirty-eight percent of the informal caregivers reported that it was somewhat difficult to pay for basic needs such as food, housing, medical care and heating.
*Enough income covers basic needs such as food and housing, sufficient income covers also primary needs such as health and education.
The WHO has proposed that "catastrophic health expenditure" be defined as direct healthcare expenditures corresponding to >40% of annual discretionary income (income after basic needs, such as food and housing) [ 7].
Unequal access to basic needs such as jobs, schools, and housing, perceptions of unequal recognition, and other manifestations of inequality fuel resentment, humiliation, and a sense of exclusion, all common triggers for violence.
