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Clamps are not found at bases of basidia.
The sterigmata (slender extensions at the basidial tips that attach to the spores) are 3 4 µm long, and clamps are not found on the bases of basidia.
Similar(58)
There are no clamps present at the bases of the basidia.
Clamp connections are present in the stem tissues, and at the septa at the bases of the basidia.
Section Vaginatae consists of mushrooms with special characteristics – such as the absence of a ring, and very few clamp connections at the bases of the basidia.
The bases of the basidia have clamp connections short branches connecting one cell to the previous cell to allow passage of the products of nuclear division.
A reliable method to distinguish the two is to check for the presence of clamp connections at the bases of the basidia, which are present in A. australis and absent from A. nothofagi.
Clamp connections are present in the cap cuticle and flesh, and at the septa at the base of the basidia.
nothofagi does not have clamp connections at the base of the basidia, unlike A. australis. A. australis also bears some resemblance to the eastern North American and east Asian species A. abrupta, which also has an abruptly bulbous stem base.
A. calvescens has a more northern distribution, and in North America, is rarely found south of the Great Lakes. A. mellea has a thinner stem than A. gallica, but can be more definitively distinguished by the absence of clamps at the base of the basidia.
Nuclei of heterokaryons stay unfused within every cell until formation of basidia at fruiting bodies, where the nuclei undergo fusion and meiosis (Brown and Casselton 2001).
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