Models were adjusted for the baseline and follow-up levels of the covariates listed above as well as the baseline levels of the exposure and outcome variables.
Although a few studies have provided estimates of daily exposure to aflatoxins during non-outbreak periods (Jiang et al. 2005; Park et al. 2004; Wang et al. 2001; Wild et al. 1992), more information is needed concerning baseline levels of chronic exposure for vulnerable populations.
It is also a limitation of the measurement of physical activity that it was only assessed at recruitment, which meant it was not possible to investigate changes in physical activity over time or correct for regression dilution bias (the bias that can occur when risk is plotted against baseline levels of an exposure as opposed to long-term average levels) [ 29].
Besides checking for oil in and on the bodies of six dolphins and more than 100 sea turtles collected so far, the agency is conducting aerial surveys to count the gulf's dolphins and whales, and taking biopsies of one bottle-nosed dolphin population to determine baseline levels of the animals' exposure to oil and other contaminants.
As expected, the baseline levels of the biomarkersof cadmium exposure were the main determinant of their value at follow-up.
In light of the observations that many affective disorders can be explained by phase-shifts in circadian rhythms that are correctable by light therapy [ 29], women with postpartum depression may benefit from critically-timed bright light regardless of their baseline level of light exposure.
In all cases, we measured baseline levels of calcium transient response frequencies before exposure to Aβ for 90 s, and with results statistically similar to untreated Aβ controls.
For adults, estimated exposure from "baseline" levels of melamine, defined as levels in food that do not result from adulteration or misuse from all sources, has been estimated to be up to 13 μg/kg body weight per day.
Pre-exposure to EtOH during puberty had no effect on baseline levels of adult AVP mRNA (t(15) = −1.342, p = 0.199, Fig. 3, open bars).
In addition, training status, physical activity levels, thermal exposure history, energy availability, sex, and age are possible factors that affect the baseline levels of HSP [ 34].
