Analysis of covariance will be used to analyse the effects of treatment on changes in variables while controlling for the effects of possible confounding factors for example different baseline conditions (e.g. BMI).
An index made up of baseline health deficits that are neither cognitive risk factors (for example, hypertension, heart disease), nor cognition-related measures (for example, foot problems) has also been found to predict dementia [ 18].
Unfortunately, baseline data on known cardiovascular and second cancer risk factors for example, smoking history, hypertension, serum cholesterol were not routinely collected and so could not be included in this analysis.
Importantly, we also saw that individual changes in risk factors, for example declines in BMI and increases in activity between baseline and follow-up were associated with lower risk of functional limitation.
3. Location factors (for example, rural lifestyle and community).
Clearly there are some circumstances in which this criterion would not apply; for example, when baseline factors are un-modifiable (such as sex and age at randomisation).
Take X Factor, for example.
As such, the contrasts factor out activity associated with whatever baseline was used, making the choice of baseline almost irrelevant (for example, a separate parallel analysis of the fMRI data with a different baseline, the New pairs called New and subsequently remembered, should not and did not produce different results).
Nevertheless, appropriate statistical adjustments for baseline factors were made.
It cut waste water pollution by a mere 3.1% (on a 2007 baseline), for example.
