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Studies matching groups on demographic covariates alone are critiqued for lacking baseline achievement variables (Farran and Lipsey 2015).
In the teacher quality literature, this specification is often called a value-added model since controlling for the the previous year's score isolates the teacher's contribution given a student's baseline achievement.
In comparison to classrooms of students elsewhere with similar baseline achievement and demographics, a teacher's achievement gain in one year is correlated at a rate of.48 in math and.36 in English language arts (ELA), with the average growth of students in another year.
We also controlled for different baseline achievement rates and trends, and for changes in disease registers over time.
This is not too surprising because cognitive achievement level of course is not only dependent from cognitive remediation interventions but from other factors like baseline achievement level also.
Collectively, prescribing activities had higher baseline achievement rates than measurement activities in 2000-1, slower increases in achievement rates in the pre-intervention period, and smaller increases above projected rates in the first intervention year (2004-5) of between 1.2% and 8.3%.
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Large numbers of opt-outs undermine standardized tests as an objective baseline for achievement, noted a spokesperson for The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights. .
The new results should be considered a baseline for student achievement, said Willits, whose group is now headquartered at UCLA.
Patients' baseline characteristics, the achievement of targets within the resuscitation and management bundles, and outcome data were recorded.
Improvements in HRQoL during open-label LDX treatment for at least 26 weeks in the present study were most pronounced in the CHIP-CE: PRF domains with the most severe baseline deficits, namely Achievement and Risk Avoidance.
At study endpoint, the mean change from baseline for the "Achievement" domain score was more than twice as high in the atomoxetine group (6.9) than in the placebo group (3.0), and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.010).
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