The highest recorded biomass productivities for open ponds and PBRs are around 40 g dry mass m−2 dand1 and long-term averaged productivity is 10~20 g dry mass m−2 day−1 [ 3, 10, 11], which are far less than the theoretical maximum of 120~150 g m−2 day−1, or photosynthetic efficiency of 12.4% (based on total solar radiation spectrum) and 28% (based on visible light spectrum, 400~700 nm) [ 12, 13].
Linear regression analysis showed that when two substrates with different dyes were present in known ratios in the range from 9 1 to 1 9, this ratio could be estimated within ±5% of the true value based on visible light absorbance spectra of the unmixed coloured supernatants and the spectrum recorded for the mixture.
Line identifications are generally consistent with expectations based on visible-wavelength spectra: lines of H I, He I, Sr II, C I, and Si I. CO may also be present in emission.
A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) modeling approach was employed to characterize the pixel-level variation in canopy Vcmax (at a standardized canopy temperature of 30 °C) and EV, based on visible and shortwave infrared AVIRIS spectra (414 2447 nm).
The image acquisition techniques that are reviewed in this paper are non-destructive in nature and are based on visible, infrared and other bands of the electromagnetic spectrum.
They formulated a hypothesis or diagnoses based on visible findings and their knowledge base.
Based on their UV Visible spectra, fluorescence spectra and mass spectra, Y1 was the reported intermediate azanigerone E Zabalaa et al. 2012; Chen et al. 2017), and we concluded that the other compounds (Y2 Y4) were novel and had not been previously reported (Table 1; Fig. 2).
