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Two of these models are based on the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) condition, 2 are based on Vector Error Correction (VEC) methodologies and one model uses a Hodrick and Prescott filter.
The Granger causality test, based on vector error correction model (VECM20), was deployed to test the direction of Granger causality between insurance market density and per capita economic growth.
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Performance is measured based on vector symbol error ratio (VSER), which is obtained by averaging over 10,000 randomly generated channels according to i.i.d.i.d
Vector images are based on vector graphics, or using geometrical shapes that are then relayed as images in computer graphics.
Their control is currently based on vector population control.
Vectors pC-cGreen/neerGc (L309/L310) were based on vector L060 pCRU5 Puro2amcs, a derivative of p96.7 [ 12].
The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology was used to test a cointegration relationship, and the Granger causality test, based on the vector error correction model (VECM), was used to test for causality.
If the variables are cointegrated, the Granger causality tests based on the vector error correction model (VECM) will be used to determine the short and long run causality relationship among the variables.
Firstly, the nonlinear error system is constructed based on error vector between state and the target point by utilizing the input difference between current input and cancellation input.
System evaluation is based on error vector magnitude.
In Section 'M-QAM symbol error rate', we calculate the SER based on displacement error vector analysis.
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