This paper examines, through a numerical analysis, the performance of FRP-to-concrete bonded joints at EST using a new discrete model based on truss elements and shear springs.
To simulate the "elastic-yield-hardening in tension, and buckling-without capacity in compression" behavior of the flexible braces, a simplified model in ABAQUS based on truss elements was developed and validated against previous tests.
The classical approach based on truss elements appears to be poor to reliably represent the failure mode of concrete.
The model is based on the truss analogy and the theory of plasticity and is opportunely refined in order to incorporate some critical aspects, such as variable angle crack, non-uniform FRP stress distribution over the shear crack, shear span/depth ratio.
Using the random topology generated by the lay-down model we design the elastic microstructure via Cosserat networks based on beams and trusses.
For reinforced concrete beams with stirrups and with not small shear span-to-depth ratio, ACI 318-14 (2014) simply evaluates shear strength as sum of concrete and stirrup contributions (V c and V s, respectively), based on 45° truss model.
The model is developed based on a truss analysis of the RC strut and tie model.
Two schemes of joint arrangement were proposed, and their kinematic behaviours were respectively studied analytically and numerically, where mobility calculations are both based on the truss transformation.
Based on the truss-arch model, the fully diagonally cracked shear stiffness is considered as the combination of a truss component and an arch component.
Chanute was responsible for the most important feature of the craft, a rigid structure based on railroad trussing that enabled an engineer to calculate the strength of the glider.
