Again, both an empirical (e.g., ratio of inhalation to oral equipotent doses), theoretical (e.g., based on total intake or absorbed dose), or model-based [e.g., physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model] approach can be used, along with a distribution reflecting the uncertainty in how accurately the assumed relationship is believed to hold.
Assessment was based on total colonoscopy, or on incomplete colonoscopy plus double contrast X-ray for those subjects in whom total colonoscopy was not possible.
However, definitive determinations of cell numbers, cell types and basic functionality must be based on total protein or cell content and can only be provided by sacrificing devices to measure those parameters or to make histological observations directly in extracted cellular material.
Subjects viewed a carton with either a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol based self-selection algorithm or one based on total cholesterol.
Hence the model is able to unify previous approaches based on total life, strength or stiffness wearout, backface strain monitoring and crack initiation and propagation modelling.
Previous results [ 11, 23– 25] obtained following this method are based on total variation (TV) or fused lasso signal approximation.
However, calculating dosimetry for nanomaterials can be a tricky business, and it has been suggested that concentrations based on total surface area or number of particles per unit volume may be more informative than the traditional mass/volume units that are designed for bulk materials.
High-intensity (myeloablative) conditioning regimens were based on total body irradiation (TBI) or busulfan.
The effects of the commonly used normalization techniques based on total ion count (TIC) or vector norm normalization are significant, and they are frequently beneficial.
However, when we analyzed PC species based on total acyl chain length or saturation level there were modest but statistically significant changes in the percentage of PC molecules with total acyl chain lengths of 32 or 34 carbons (Fig. 3C) and 0, 1, or 2 total double bonds (Fig. 3D), where FHV infection increased the fraction of PC molecules with longer unsaturated acyl chains.
