This equation is used to design the rectangular-throated flumes and weirs based on the upstream Froude number (upstream flow conditions).
Depending on wind direction, an effective roughness length is assigned to each zip code based on the upstream fetch roughness as determined from remotely sensed land cover/land use products.
Since the explicit (outflow) part is not always dominated by the implicit (inflow) part and thus some oscillations can occur, we build a stabilization based on the upstream weighted averages with coefficients determined by the flux-corrected transport approach [2,19] yielding high resolution versions, S1IIOE and S2IIOE, of the basic scheme.
For each genomic locus, we designed primers based on the upstream and downstream sequences surrounding the predicted integration sites.
Apoptosis can be induced by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, based on the upstream stimuli that can activate the process.
miRUPnet [ 31] is another miRNA function prediction framework that predicts miRNA function based on the upstream context of miRNA and not downstream.
Primers were designed based on the upstream sequence of PPAR-γ gene [GenBank: NC_000003.12 (12287850-12471013)] (Additional file 2: Figure S2), which were described in our previous study [ 18] and listed in Additional file 3: Table S1.
Moreover, the present study also indicated differential regulation of these ER stress related genes by dietary Cu deficiency and excess, which will be beneficial for us to evaluate effects of dietary Cu levels in fish at the molecular level, based on the upstream pathway of lipid metabolism (the ER) and thus provide novel insights regarding the nutrition of Cu in fish.
The results will be beneficial for us to elucidate the molecular basis of ER stress, and to further evaluate effects of dietary Cu levels in fish at a molecular level, based on the upstream pathway of lipid metabolism, which will greatly extend our understanding of the nutrition of Cu in fish.
