"based on this dataset" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to refer to a collection of data or an analysis which was conducted using a particular dataset. For example, "Our findings are based on this dataset of 5000 survey responses."
Based on this dataset, thresholds for geomorphic adjustment were defined.
Our research, based on this dataset, shows that this relationship is far from compact, homogeneous or unidirectional.
Because of the under-representation of high quality structure predictions, it is difficult to draw robust conclusions based on this dataset.
We illustrate the usefulness of our tests by applying them to data from a randomized, job training program (LaLonde (1986)) and by carrying out Monte Carlo experiments based on this dataset.
The results based on this dataset are presented in a recent publication "Distribution Modeling of three screwworm species in the ecologically diverse landscape of North West Pakistan" (Zaidi et al., 2016) [1].
Based on this dataset, 152 words are selected.
In addition, a large panel of machine learning and data mining algorithms can be used, trained and tested based on this assembled dataset.
Based on this limited dataset, for de novo cases the unified low-risk dose tolerance limits yielded an estimated risk of spinal cord injury of ≤1% in 1-5 frandions, and the high-risk limits yielded an estimated risk of ≤3%.
Based on this experimental dataset, fatigue crack initiation from a defect is found to be strongly impacted by the crystallographic orientation of the surrounding grain, crack initiation preferably occurring in crystals being favorably oriented for plastic slip.
All analyses reported below are based on this filtered dataset.
The comparative genomic analysis presented here is based on this entire dataset.
