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GA was reused to evaluate the required composite layup based on the stiffness requirements.
Constraints were placed on the objective based on the stiffness of the blade and the blade surface stresses.
Secant stiffnesses of test specimens were normalized based on the stiffness at first cycle of 0.15% drift ratio and shown in Fig. 23.
The frequencies and the mode shapes assumed by the platform are determined analytically based on the stiffness, mass, and damping properties of the simulated system.
The design concept used was biomimetic, based on the stiffness properties of the tissues to be in contact with titanium dental implants.
Using these graphs as a design tool, designers can determine the optimal geometry, based on the stiffness and demanded rotational properties of annulus-shaped flexure hinge.
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The stress strain relations for polymer composites undergoing glass transition, which are derived based on the stiffness-growth method (23), (25), are more general compared to the "energy" relations (12) and therefore more accurate in describing the glass transition processes.
The traditional definition of stiffness degradation based on the secant stiffness that corresponds to the peak forces and displacements for each loading cycle was found unsuitable for evaluating the residual stiffness of resilient structures.
The predicted nominal lateral shear stiffness of the wall, kN, was calculated based on the axial stiffness of the two tension brace members, which was also adjusted for their inclined position with respect to the horizontal.
With the stiffness properties modeled hierarchically, the prior information on the parameters involved in the relevant probability distributions can be updated based on the latest stiffness data acquired, leading to the posterior distributions of these parameters.
Such trend is well agreed with the discussion that is based on the relative stiffness ratio between the chords and the web element.
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based on the roughness
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com