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Why it matters: Ethanol-powered fuel cells based on the catalyst could open the way for portable electronics that can be refueled faster than battery-powered devices can be recharged.
Feed composition (naphthenes and benzene content in the feed) and operating conditions (temperature, hydrogen consumption and liquid hourly space velocity) data were collected from the Midor isomerization plant (Egypt) over a 4-year period based on the catalyst lifetime.
We therefore propose a model based on the catalyst phase transformation using the Johnson Mehl Avrami Kolmogorov theory to predict the growth rate and termination of the CNT growth.
The Rh/CeO2 catalyst was less active during the CH4 reforming with CO2 addition than the Rh/Al2O3 catalyst based on the catalyst weight, whereas the areal activity of Rh/CeO2 was close to Rh/Al2O3.
The increase in absolute area of hysteresis is based on the catalyst's average pore diameter: the higher the average pore diameter, the lower the area of the spent catalyst.
In this case, the aspect ratio is much smaller, and thus the maximum soot coverage of the particle, based on the catalyst weight, is lower.
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The activities were compared based on the catalysts having the same Ti content as 0.01 g TiO2, suspended in 50 ml of 0.01 M phenol in the presence of an oxygen flux of 10 ml/min flow-rate and illuminated with 300 nm UV radiation.
This result demonstrates that the Pt-based catalyst supported on the TNTs gives outstanding performance for methanol oxidation based on the same catalyst loading of 10 wt%.
Then, to prepare TiO2 supported catalyst, the amount of 30 wt.% of TiO2 based on the total catalyst weight was added to the mixed solution of cobalt and manganese nitrates with the molar ratio of 25 %Co/75 % Mn and then filtered, washed, dried at 120 °C, and calcined at 500 °C for 16 h, in the same way as for the unsupported catalyst preparation.
Then, for the preparation of SiO2-supported catalyst, the optimal amount of 15 wt.% of SiO2 based on the total catalyst weight was added to the mixed solution of cobalt and cerium nitrates with the molar ratio of 80%Co/20%Ce and then filtered, washed, dried at 120°C, and calcined at 600°C for 6 h, in the same way as for the unsupported catalyst preparation.
The initial performance of the MEAs based on the Pt/IrO2 TiO2 catalyst was found to be equivalent to those of Pt/high surface area carbon (HSAC) catalyst.
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