Based on the bench-scale opposed multi-burner (OMB) coal-water slurry (CWS) gasifier, temperature distributions of particles at different spatial regions, reactivity characteristics of particles and their interactions were studied with a variety of visualization techniques.
Based on the bench-scale experiments conducted in a reactor of 0.036 m ID and 2.0 m in height, scaling up of the reactor to an annual processing capacity of 1.0 million t of VR was proposed.
Based on the bench-scale impinging entrained-flow gasifier with coal water slurry (CWS) as the feedstock and the development of advanced visualization techniques, the in-situ atomization and flame characteristics of CWS were investigated.
Based on these bench-scale experiments it is likely that biosolids could be combusted in a full-scale bubbling fluidized bed to produce a bed ash fraction which contains most of the phosphorus introduced with the fuel where a pretreatment step to produce durable bed ash particles after fuel burn-out possibly could increase phosphorus recovery.
Large scale centrifugation performance based on its clarification efficiency can be evaluated at the bench scale through the use of the Σ theory, which allows for comparison between centrifuges of different sizes and, using appropriate calibration factors, different centrifuge types (Ambler, 1959).
A method to obtain accelerated aging data on HDM catalysts at the bench scale is presented, with examples of results.
Traditional thinking is that scale-up only applies to either the design of a much larger facility (pilot plant or commercial plant) based on bench scale work or design of a commercial plant based on pilot plant work.
Based on successful preliminary bench scale experimental studies for treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated by nitrocellulose, a pilot plant is constructed for results assessment.
Based on the equilibrium results, bench-scale continuous counter-current separation experiments were designed and conducted using 1.0 M Cyanex 272 modified with 5% v/v TOA.
The presence of the plant increased the removal efficiency by a factor of two based on the results from the bench-scale root bed experiments.
Based on a bench-scale opposed multi-burner (OMB) gasifier, the refractory macrostructure failure is investigated by vision-based techniques.
