Sentence examples for based on synonymous substitutions from inspiring English sources

The NJ tree was also constructed based on synonymous substitutions in the CYP2D CDSs.

The most widely used clocks based on synonymous substitutions aggregate many different types of synonymous substitutions.

A phylogenetic analysis of gene variants based on synonymous substitutions showed that all gene duplications identified in this study have arisen relatively recently in AMF evolution (Fig. 3).

Nucleotide diversity (πS) based on synonymous substitutions within a unit ranged from 0.005 to 0.024 among the six units, and the overall value for black bears was 0.016.

The NJ tree based on synonymous substitutions among 20 CDSsD CDSs of seven primates (fig. 1) showed that orthologous genes did not form a single clade.

In this case, the evolutionary distance based on synonymous substitutions is expected to be greater than the distance based on nonsynonymous substitutions.

For example, many redundant duplicate pairs appear to be greater than 50 million old, according to estimates based on synonymous substitution rates.

Based on synonymous substitution plots of gene duplication events, a whole-genome duplication in P. patens has been hypothesized and dated to ~45 MYA [ 23].

Although Brachypodium appears to be closer to rice than sorghum based on the divergence times of 40 53 Myr for Brachypodium rice and 45 60 Myr for Brachypodium sorghum based on synonymous substitution rates (Ks) of orthologous gene pairs, these evolutionary relationships are not well resolved.

First, most cDNA amplicons clustered within cluster B based both on synonymous substitutions and 3' UTR sequence, as compared to the equal distribution of genomic amplicons (Figure 4, 5).

Rat and mouse-specific clades are also observed when a tree is reconstructed based only on synonymous substitutions (dS), which are considered to accumulate among gene lineages largely free from divergent selective pressures (fig. S2).