Sentence examples for based on synonymous mutations from inspiring English sources

Estimates based on synonymous mutations show also large discrepancies with the ML method.

Initially, an ML tree based on synonymous mutations alone was estimated (Fig.  1).

This mutation rate was also used to convert into time the rho estimates based on synonymous mutations (Table  2).

The coalescence time for the whole N1a haplogroup based on synonymous mutations rates as well as coding region estimates was between 19,600-23,500 years (Table 2).

The elements of alternating rows contain mutation scores based on synonymous and non-synonymous mutations, which we define M ij _* (the wild card, * = non-synonymous/synonymous mutations (NSY/SY)) for gene i in sample j as the number of mutated bases, weighted by the functional impact score of this mutation, divided by the total number of bases that have sufficient read depth.

Different approaches based on synonymous sites in genes, transposable elements, or noncoding nonrepetitive sequences can be used to study mutation rate.

For each tree, we calculated distances based on synonymous and non-synonymous nucleotide changes for each gene pair.

The most widely used clocks based on synonymous substitutions aggregate many different types of synonymous substitutions.

We demonstrate that linkage between sites can bias measures of selection based on synonymous and non-synonymous changes.

Trees based on synonymous exchanges clustered equally to those based on non-synonymous exchanges (additional file 4: Unrooted radial phylogenetic trees of the analysed TLR2 sequences).

Thus, this mutational bias appears to be general rather than focused on synonymous mutations.