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The recent Montreal consensus states that a diagnosis of GERD can be made based on symptoms alone and, in population-based surveys, a defined symptom threshold is required for making a symptom-based diagnosis [ 3].
Furthermore, he stressed that it is dangerous to diagnose a disease based on symptoms alone.
This study indicates that many patients with foregut symptoms after ARS are taking antisecretory medication based on symptoms alone and not on objective evidence to support their use.
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate whether women undergoing medical abortion can accurately assess abortion outcome based on symptoms alone.
The addition of a laboratory tests to any case definition would result in a greater number of influenza cases detected at day 17 compared to isolating patients based on symptoms alone, as no laboratory test has a 100% sensitivity.
A diagnosis based on symptoms alone has very low specificity.
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The nomogram allows for calculation of the added value of CRP in all patients but is mainly meant to enable targeted use of a CRP test in patients at intermediate risk based on symptoms and signs alone.
The validity of different diagnostic strategies (the existing STI management guidelines, diagnosis based on symptoms or signs alone, and diagnosis based on a risk score) was assessed by measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-) and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV).
Comparing prevalence rates of subthreshold depression based on symptom counts alone with dimensional clinical significance criteria, Baumeister and Morar [ 25] found lower prevalence rates when clinical significance was considered.
There is no consensus in the literature on the definition of malperfusion of visceral organs as to whether it should be based on symptoms or laboratory results alone or whether imaging supporting malperfusion is required for the diagnosis.
The definition of constipation has evolved over the last decade and is currently based on symptoms rather than stool frequency alone.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com