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But the majority of these studies are based on subjective reporting by the students themselves, a notoriously inaccurate and blunt research tool.
For example, judgements of familiarity and fear ratings are based on subjective reporting and these have several inherent weaknesses, including the possibility for memory biases and cognitive distortions.
Hearing loss was encountered in 11/28 (39%) patients based on subjective reporting but in only 7/28 (25%) confirmed by audiograms.
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Such research, though, is difficult to do because it is based on subjective reports.It seems likely that sleep is an important component of how memories are formed and shaped.
Data for fever were based on subjective reports of case-patients.
Data were based on subjective report, either by the patient or their proxy.
We assessed response to therapy based on subjective report of the patient and a graduated numeric response scale.
The limitations regarding this study concern its cross-sectional design, and uncertainties regarding data based on subjective reports.
An account of voluntary action based on subjective report revealed a brain area that had not been reported before in this context.
An important limitation of the current findings is that both sleep duration and medical data were based on subjective reports obtained by a trained interviewer.
Many of these studies have been based on subjective reports of physical activity using diaries or questionnaires with very different methodologies [ 38– 40].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com