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Based on sequence differences within their L1 gene, HPVs are divided into more than 100 different genotypes, in which approximately 40 types of HPV transmitted through the genital tract have been classified further as "low-risk" and "high-risk" based on their association with malignant lesions [ 4].
Oligonucleotide probes were designed based on sequence differences in the 16S rRNA genes in order to target microorganisms in situ.
Although the overall structure of IgG3 Fc is similar to that of other subclasses, some structural perturbations based on sequence differences were revealed.
Based on sequence differences in the DNA, they built a family tree that showed the relatedness of the various samples.
To fine-map GNS4, several polymorphic InDel molecular markers were developed based on sequence differences between the indica variety 9311 and the japonica variety Nipponbare (Additional file 1: Table S1), according to data published at the NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).nih.gov
We used SEQUENCHER (Gene Codes Corp). to align the COI sequences and obtain a consensus sequence and manually determined the number of haplotypes based on sequence differences.
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For example Stamm et al. have developed a method for rapid phylotyping of Treponema spp. based on sequence length difference of the intergenic spacer between the genes for 16S and 23S rRNA [ 19].
Our assay differs from conventional multiplex PCRs, which often target the invasion plasmid H (ipaH) gene, O antigen synthesis genes, and the 16S rRNA gene for detection of Shigella spp. [ 18– 20]; in those cases, the diagnosis is often based on sequence polymorphisms or differences rather than on the absence or presence of a gene.
Based on sequence annotation, the major differences in gene expression between the two genotypes were identified as being associated with abiotic/biotic stress tolerance (at low levels), transcription factors and signal transducers.
In addition, the bioinformatics analysis of the X. citri and E. coli components based on sequence alignment revealed significant differences among the periplasmic components, suggesting diversity in substrate affinity and specificity.
We removed variant calls based on sequence reads with multiple differences from the reference as well as at positions where more than a quarter of the reads in both isolates carried the variant call.
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