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All the models used here were based on relationship matrices, and therefore implicitly assumed normally distributed allelic effects.
The results are similar to the findings of P iepho (2009) and S chulz- S treeck and P iepho (2010) who also report that for an additive true genetic model the prediction accuracies for ridge regression (with covariance structures based on relationship matrices) and spatial models (with covariance structures based on covariance functions) are similar.
However, since the presented alternative models are all based on changes of the relationship matrix between the animals, and these more complicated genetic evaluation models are also based on relationship matrices or their inverses, it is rather straightforward to apply the current developments to these more complicated evaluation models.
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Predictions are less biased than those based on average relationship matrices (Legarra and Misztal 2008).
We did not detect differences in the accuracy of predictions based on genomic relationship matrices estimated by two different methods.
GBLUP-EBV are BLUP- estimated breeding values based on genomic relationship matrices, G, and are commonly used in genomic selection (GS) [ 2, 3].
The accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values based on genomic relationship matrices would be lower in cases of strong genotype by environment interactions, but the same would be true of pedigree-based BLUP also.
To further investigate the effects of population structure on predictive ability under validation scheme V1, we grouped lines into different numbers of clusters based on the relationship matrix.
The problem of distance computations in the general case of multifurcating trees is still open but I suppose that formulas for these cases can be constructed based on the relationship matrix.
Unlike companies, trusts are based on relationships.
The accuracies of genomic estimated breeding values based on the genomic relationship matrices and breeding values estimated based on the average numerator relationship matrix were compared.
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