Our findings (based on quality judgement criteria relating to validity, reliability and homogeneity) demonstrate that PAINAD, PACSLAC, DOLOPLUS2 and ECPA show the best psychometric qualities.
Indicators were selected based on their quality, validity, comprehensiveness, feasibility and relevance to equity.
The SIGN tool provides an overall quality rating based on internal validity criteria [ 52].
Included studies were assessed for quality based on study methodology, validity of dietary assessment, success of follow-up, standardized assessment of CVD, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction endpoints and appropriateness of statistical adjustment.
Based on instruments' reliability, validity and quality of validation studies, together with ease and practicality of use (e.g. administration time), we selected instruments that in our opinion showed most potential for use in clinical practice.
A gold standard does not exist for assessing the quality of RCTs and so checklists demarcating important features of quality and scales based on a quality of reporting checklist are assessed based on face validity and content validity from a theoretical model founded on accepted criteria [ 57, 58].
Based on the validity control, we believe that the overall data quality in our study is highly valid.
