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In contrast, based on prospective studies, the academic performance, cognitive function, and neurodevelopmental history of children who go on to develop bipolar disorder is comparable to that of the general population (Lewandowski et al. 2011; Trotta et al. 2015).
At present, estimations of the true circulation are most reliably made based on prospective studies in defined populations [10] and on the basis of the prevalence of high IgG concentrations against pertussis toxin (IgG-Ptx) in the population.
This quantitative assessment was based on prospective studies.
Importantly, none of these classifications are based on prospective studies.
Further, a summary of the frequency of such adverse events was based on prospective studies only.
First, it was based on prospective studies, which are less susceptible to bias (e.g., recall and selection bias).
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Most of these strategies are based on prospective study designs or on adjustments for NA in multiple regression models.
Although an economic analysis suggests that failure to institute this policy would have resulted in greater expenditure, this was not based on prospective study data [ 14].
Second, the estimates of the diagnostic performances of the infrared thermoscanners in identifying fever among the selected and suspected fraction of passengers were smaller than those in previously published studies, in which the samples were mostly general populations based on prospective study designs and/or under ideal study conditions [ 15, 16, 21, 22, 27].
Two of the quantitative studies were based on prospective cohort studies [ 16, 17] and one (reported in two papers) on a randomised control trial [ 27, 28]; the remaining 16 were cross-sectional surveys or case-control studies (Table 3).
Our study has the advantage that the treatment effects are based on prospective randomized studies, but the disadvantage of having to make the assumption that the effect of tamoxifen is chiefly dependent on oestrogen receptor status.
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