Our fourth goal, investigating individual phase entrainment differences, was based on previous behavioral findings on between subject variance when investigating neural phase during tACS4,7,18.
Based on previous behavioral findings and preclinical data of tDCS inducing long-term NMDA receptor and/or BDNF-dependent plasticity, anodal tDCS of the DLPFC may be theoretically suitable for enhancing the effects of psychotherapeutic interventions similar to pharmacological strategies like d-cycloserine.
We suggested 2 hypothetical accounts of the underlying neural architecture based on previous behavioral and neuroimaging literature.
Age ranges for each group were selected based on previous work indicating differential behavioral performance levels on the AS task (Luna et al. 2004; Scherf et al. 2006).
Based on previous research suggesting greater behavioral and physiological responses to SCs among females relative to males [ 8, 9, 11, 13], we hypothesized that females would show greater brain responses to SCs than males in brain regions that we have consistently shown to be associated with SC-reactivity (i.e., mOFC, VS/VP, hippocampus, amygdala, and insula) [ 16, 21- 23].
Behavioral testing conducted 24 h and 48 h after EB injection were based on previous studies demonstrating its promising effects on the behavioral responses and EB-induced synaptic plasticity changes47,48,49.
This choice was based on previous observations showing no metabolic, immune-endocrine and behavioral evidence of stress activation or anxiety in group-housed siblings (see [33], [34], [80] for details).
The relative value of alcohol task was based on previous methods used to assess relative value in behavioral economic research [ 29, 60, 61].
Based on previous optical surveys, only one was expected.
The doses and pretreatment schedules were based on previous reports [ 4, 7, 21] that effectively antagonized the behavioral effects produced by anxiolytic drugs: bicuculline, 1 mg/kg; flumazenil, 5 mg/kg; picrotoxin, 1 mg/kg.
Specific mental, physical, behavioral, and functional health outcomes were selected based on previous findings regarding their impact on force health and readiness [ 2– 6, 21].
