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Since the data g are based on (physical) observations and are not known with complete accuracy, we assume that g and g δ satisfy ∥ g − g δ ∥ ≤ δ, where g δ denotes the measured data and δ denotes the level noisy.
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Since the data g ( x ) is based on (physical) observation, there must exist measurement errors, and we assume the measured data g δ ( x ) ∈ L 2 ( R ), which satisfies ∥ g − g δ ∥ ≤ δ, (1.4).
Since the data (varphi(r)) is based on (physical) observation, there must be measurement errors, and we assume the measured data function (varphi^{delta}(r)in L^{2}[0,r_{0};r^{2}]), and it satisfies biglVert varphi(cdot -varphi^{delta}(cdot -varphi^{delta}lta, (2) where (delta>0) is the measurable error level.
Design: Preliminary 2-part study: (1) presentation of a technique for identifying lumbar segmental rigidity based on physical observation of the spine's lateral bending; and (2) repeated measures of motion and pain/disability self-report in a chronic lumbar spinal disorder cohort, performed before and after treatment with combined facet injections and stretching exercises.
The description of a liquid state for sols was based on physical macroscopic observations and the presence of a "Maltese-cross pattern" visible in cross-polarized reflected light optical microscopes at high magnification [11],[17], though this may not be definitive evidence of a true liquid state [17].
Corresponding observations have mostly been based on physical data.
Just names based on physical characteristics, nothing more.
-- that bar employment discrimination based on physical appearance.
Race is based on physical characteristics.
Based on the physical observations and tribochemical analysis of the wear scar, the mechanisms of failure/wear of the HDLC coating are proposed and the requirement for designing optimal additive packages for the HDLC coating is discussed.
In ponded areas drivers tend to drive more slowly; therefore, two other speed distributions are made based on the physical observation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com