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The relative performance of genotypes under stress and control conditions can be used as an indicator to identify and map QTLs, which can be further used in breeding crop varieties for stress tolerance, rather than mapping QTLs based on phenotypic performance in stress environment alone (Raman et al. 2012).
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Step (2) was applied on males only and was based on phenotypic racing performance, more precisely on their earnings from 5 years of age.
Selection criteria should be based on phenotypic appearance plus whatever performance information is available eg. weaning weights.
In addition to population stratification effects due to geographical origin, non random breeding based on phenotypic traits such as coat color, performance, or breed-associated behaviors such as herding, drafting and hunting may also play a role.
It is based on phenotypic equations for individual micro-organisms.
Based on phenotypic characteristics and composition determined in this study, onions were well suited to hydroponic propagation.
His lab instituted the field of personalized antiplatelet therapy based on phenotypic and genetic analyses.
The bacterial isolate was identified based on phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular means.
Identifying good donors for breeding is therefore difficult solely based on phenotypic data or passport data.
Again this is highly relevant for screening where the biological end point is based on phenotypic changes rather than on binding to a specific target.
Diagnosis remains clinical, based on phenotypic patterns.
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