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Across many groups of animals, morphology-based classifications have been frequently revised based on new molecular phylogenies by identifying previously undetected homoplastic evolution of morphological characters (e.g. in the flatworm family Capsalidae [ 12], the genus Dracus [ 13], the lanternfly family Fulgoridae [ 14], or in Brazilian worm lizards [ 15]).
The 5-year survival rate is ∼15% for patients with lung cancer, and decreases to ∼5% in subjects with metastatic cancer [1], therefore novel therapeutic approaches based on new molecular targets are needed.
In sharp contrast to the aforementioned, the development of new antibiotics has ceased, as demonstrated by the approval of only two new antibacterial agents based on new molecular entities since 1998 (linezolid in 2000 and daptomycin in 2003) [ 4].
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Ge virtual substrates have been developed via low-temperature CVD based on new hydride molecular chemistry routes fully compatible with conventional CMOS.
Therefore, new treatment modalities based on novel molecular networks in BC are desired.
Based on new developments in molecular biology, our knowledge about lung carcinogenesis and mechanisms for invasion and metastasis has expanded and may in the future lead to more specific targeted therapies and better prognosis.
Since Frost et al. [ 1], the subfamilial classification of this family had been largely modified based on new findings from several molecular phylogenetic studies [ 2, 3].
That may soon change, based on new findings that suggest the molecular clock directs cell division.
In the second section we revise new therapeutic strategies based on new drug families that target key molecular pathways of major relevance in this malignancy.
Based on entirely new molecular and morphological datasets, Wiegmann et al. [ 13], McKenna and Farrell [ 14], and Beutel et al. [ 15] (see also [ 16]) congruently revived the view that Hymenoptera are sistergroup of all remaining Holometabola; Strepsiptera were recovered as closely related to Coleoptera, and Mecoptera were found monophyletic.
Strategies to develop new drugs based on this molecular understanding gave us a new armory of treatments such as Gleevec for leukemia and Herceptin for breast cancer, among many other new molecularly targeted drugs designed to stop tumor growth.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com