Particularly, the genomic era has been characterized by an exponential increase in the number of putative therapeutic targets by defining subtypes based on molecular profiles [ 3].
Furthermore, based on molecular profiles, at least four different subtypes of mammary carcinoma (luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth receptor (HER 2-enriched and basal-like) HER 2-enrichedtified [ 3].
Sharing genomic and clinical data is critical to achieve precision medicine (National Research Council 2011), that is, more accurate disease classification based on molecular profiles to enable tailored effective treatments, interventions, and models for prevention.
For these experiments, we only included liver biopsies that had a minimum of eight portal tracts per individual histological section in order to maximize the representation of the cell counts for each subject; the classification into the groups of inflammation or fibrosis was based on molecular profiles.
Overall, such "genomically informed cancer therapies" are proving far superior over non-targeted therapies and have prompted calls for reclassification of cancers based on molecular profiles and targets instead of being based on traditional histopathology and origin and opened the door for the Precision Medicine Initiative [ 15].
However, the future role of molecular diagnostics in neurooncology, in particular concerning the value of predictive markers will also depend on the development and availability of novel therapeutic alternatives to allow for more sophisticated patient-tailored treatment choices based on molecular profiles.
Currently, based on molecular profiling, breast malignant tumors are classified into five major subtypes: basal-like, two luminal-like, normal-like and epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) over-expressing cancers4.
Some programs, such as StratomeX, use an unsupervised approach to explore the relationship between clinical parameters and patient stratifications based on molecular profiling [ 24].
