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The literatures introduced in Section 2 have studied the methods of improving localization accuracy based on measurement error estimation.
Reliability is highly dependent on the heterogeneity of the study sample, while the agreement, based on measurement error, is more a pure characteristic of the measurement instrument [ 14].
As stated in the manual, to define whether a change is a true change or based on measurement error, the 95 % CI's between the two tests should be compared.
It has recently been argued that agreement parameters, which are based on measurement error, are a purer characteristic of the reproducibility of a measurement instrument than reliability, which distinguishes between individuals and is thus more closely related to variability among such individuals.
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The selection of the range of sensitivity analysis parameters was mainly based on measurement errors in operations of oil fields.
In the last scan of each simulation run, the FLIPDA-S, sIPDA, and IPDA state estimates are based on measurement Z N and the RMS errors of the confirmed true tracks of the algorithms converge to the same value.
As already described, the relationship between this base case time-series and a simulated time-series is that expected of the average relationship between the true ambient time-series for all people and a population-weighted average time-series based on measurements in terms of error amount, with different error types evaluated.
Based on the measurement error of the thermocouples and the power meter, the mean deviation of thermal resistance is about 13.9%.
Negative outliers were also eliminated based on the measurement error we estimated from the 4070 double-blind remeasures, σ e, modeled as a function of dbh d: σ e =0.006214d+0.9036.
Progression and cut-off for radiological progression will be defined based on the measurement error within this study.
The smallest detectable change (SDC), based on the measurement error, was defined as 1.96 * √2 * SEM [ 40].
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