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Until now, health risk assessment for both occupational exposure and long-term food-based exposure has been based on kidney effects, with tubular proteinuria considered to be the critical effect in humans.
The diagnosis of amyloidosis was based on kidney biopsy in five patients, on colonic biopsy in one patient, and on labial biopsy in one patient.
Ideally, AKI alert systems should be based on kidney improving global outcomes (KDIGO) criteria [45].
CKD definitions were based on Kidney Disease Quality Outcomes Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines [ 15].
Ideally, AKI alert systems should be based on kidney improving global outcomes (KDIGO) criteria [ 45].
Linagliptin, in contrast, does not require dose adjustment based on kidney function (109, 110).
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Steenland and Woskie (2012) recently updated this study and reported a significant increase in kidney cancer mortality with increasing estimated cumulative PFOA serum concentrations based on 12 kidney cancer deaths.
But that assumption is based on testing kidney function by measuring serum creatinine levels, a measure too crude to pick up subtle deficiencies in function.
Planned early initiation of dialysis therapy based on estimated kidney function does not influence mortality and major comorbid conditions, but amelioration of symptoms may improve quality of life and decrease costs.
MDCT can generate a wide spectrum of findings in renal trauma and the majority of these can be easily categorised into the above-mentioned five AAST grades; moreover, MDCT may also show some findings that are not mentioned in the AAST classification, the latter being based on the kidney appearance at surgery.
Ask questions to see if the types of medication you take need to be adjusted based on your kidney function.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com