Only 37% of households are classified by area-based measures to be within one decile of the classification based on household-level incomes.
Approximately a third of non-senior households and two fifths of senior households are classified by area-based measures to be within one decile of the classification based on household-level incomes.
Figure 1 summarizes the results of the cluster analysis, which identified five distinct SODIS-use groups based on household-level use indicators.
The model based on household-level income also reports a higher adjusted R[ 2] statistic than that using the area-based measure, indicating that the goodness of fit is higher in the regression using household-level variables.
The MFA target populations were selected based on household income level in terms of strict procedure set by MFA scheme.
A differential out-of-pocket cost factor was therefore investigated based on household income level (INC), as well as healthcare concession card (HC) or private health insurance (PHI) through the incorporation of cost-factor interaction terms.
The composite score of social disadvantage (calculated based on household income, education level, and employment status) ranged from 0 to 3, corresponding, respectively, to no, mild, moderate, and severe disadvantage.
The socio-economic status of households was assessed by constructing a household wealth index based on household asset ownership, level of education of the head of household and household characteristics, as proposed and validated by Filmer (44).
However, very few of these studies are based on household or individual level data and a limited number use quantitative techniques, in particular regression analysis (Preker et al. 2002; Ekman 2004).
Urbanisation was measured using an urbanisation index based on household- and community-level data representing 12 features of the community environment.
