Most codes using a relatively simple substitution method are most easily cracked by doing a simple plug-and-chug, figuring out the letters one by one and patiently figuring out the code based on guesses.
The numbers will be based on guesses about what will happen to the economy.
Because of the gaps and contradictory testimony in the historical record, portions of Ms. Schiff's narrative are necessarily based on guesses and hypotheses.
The manufacturers now assemble and paint most cars based on guesses of what combinations of options and colors will interest consumers, then ship them to dealers, which keep huge numbers of cars available, an expensive undertaking.
"The family decides based on guesses: the doctors make educated guesses, which they impart to the family, and the family then tries to make the best decision," Dr. Schneider said.
But this whale was much larger than the killer whale, growing to be about 60 feet long based on guesses made from the skull size, about the same as a modern sperm whale.
