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A basic or general study combines T1-weighted and T2-weighted images based on gradient echo and fast spin echo sequences, respectively [90].
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In general, single-shot echo planar imaging sequences based on gradient-echo techniques are used.
DCE-MRI is a technique that can detect those tumors in which an angiogenic pathway has been turned on, as it is based on Gradient-echo T1-weighted sequences which can assess neoangiogenesis during the passage of a gadolinium contrast agent [ 66].
A method based on gradient spin echo (GRASE) image acquisition can significantly reduce the susceptibility artefacts (unpublished observations) and could be applied in abdominal imaging.
It is based on gradient descent method.
The results of this study suggest that the variable echo time sequence based on a gradient echo is suitable for bi-component analysis of T2* in the human Achilles tendon in vivo.
The measurement is based on a gradient echo method; the imaging parameters are: echo time/repetition time = 44.4/6.3 ms; flip angle = 15°; field of view = 2.20×2.20 cm; slice thickness = 1.0 mm; matrix = 128×128; repetitions = 100.
Three of the eight 'mild' patients had microbleeds on gradient echo imaging.
The effect observed on gradient echo images is much larger, since apart from dephasing due to diffusion through local magnetic field gradients, all static dephasing is refocused in spin echo images [ 40, 64].
With BOLD MRI, the local magnetic field disturbances induced by the relatively high magnetic susceptibility of deoxygenated hemoglobin are exploited, which provides T2 contrast on spin echo images [ 64] and T2* contrast on gradient echo images [ 55].
T2* mapping is based on a multiple gradient echo (MGE) sequence with a series of 500 echo images with a different TE (range of 2 807 ms); TR is set to 5000 ms, in-plane resolution was 313 × 313 μm2, the slice thickness was 1 mm, the number of excitations was 5; the total acquisition time was 50 min. A ROI was selected corresponding to the sample signal and its SI was plotted versus the image TE.
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