Sentence examples for based on genetic traits from inspiring English sources

It is known that even the adaptive components of the immune system are based on genetic traits common to all individuals, and that diversity is shaped by the lifelong contacts with different non-self antigens, including those found on infectious pathogens.

Selection gradients based on genetic covariance of seedling traits and responses to selection at this stage involved traits related to biomass allocation (SMF) and growth (as decomposed by a Gompertz model) or delayed ontogenetic change, depending also on the testing environment.

The average size of males used in contests was 92.3 mm±9.0 mm S.D. We size-matched males from the two genetic backgrounds as closely as possible to enable us to detect subtle differences in competitive ability based on genetic lineage or morphological traits.

Genetic selection gradients were computed at early establishment stages based on genetic covariance of offspring traits with total height (in both experiments) and survival (only in the outdoor experiment, Experiment 2, as this trait was not under genetic control in Experiment 1; see above) as fitness proxies (see Methods).

Genetic selection gradients (i.e. those based on genetic covariance between the trait and fitness) using seedling height as a fitness proxy indicated a different microevolutionary pattern between the two experimental conditions.

A complementary layer of complexity is demonstrated by the illustrative examples based on genetic variants associated with common traits and drug response.

Therefore, our model is not based on genetic correlations among the life-history traits but rather the realized phenotypic correlations between L∞ and k, and between L∞ and the size at maturity.

Yeyou 18, a Chinese wild population cataloged into S. arvensis based on genetic analyses [ 3], possesses valuable agricultural traits such as enhanced resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Leptosphaeria maculans and insects, greater tolerance to low temperatures and drought, low contents of erucic acid and glucosinolates [ 4], as well as a low incidence of pod shattering [ 5, 6].

The majority of traits that show variation based on genetic influences are affected by multiple genes of small effect as well as by environment.

Most of the traits mentioned above are based on genetic functional studies in model plants.

Already for decades, inheritance studies based on genetic linkage in families have been used to map genomic loci that have an effect on disease or other phenotypic traits.