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Two gene definitions were compared: one based on physical distance and the other based on genetic distance.
The model-based structure analysis revealed the presence of three subpopulations, which was consistent with clustering based on genetic distance.
Based on genetic distance coefficient of 0.57, the first group (GroupI) including C. formosensis could be isolated from the cultivated germplasm (C. sinensis).
Similar patterns were found across species with different dispersal capacities, indicating that methods based on genetic distance could be used to help maximise ecological coherence in reserve networks.
Other Jpn accessions collected from Jpn2, Jpn4, Jpn10, and Jpn11 were in a clad with W2100, W2112, W2116, and all other O. meridionalis accessions originating from Queensland. Figure 4 Phylogenetic tree by NJ method based on genetic distance measured with SSR genotypes.
In addition to the analyses based on genetic distance, we have also compiled the observed sequence character variations (Fig. 2).
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Multilocus Microsatellite Typing (MLMT) based on 10 different microsatellite markers and using a Bayesian model-based analysis as well as phylogenetic reconstructions based on genetic distances, identified three main populations, corresponding to three separate geographical regions: Central Asia CAA); the Middle East (ME); and Africa (AF).
So-called character-based approaches [ 16] can differentiate plant species based on one or a few variable base pairs, while more commonly used methods based on genetic distances (e.g., using a predetermined cut-off of 1%) or tree-based approaches may require greater amounts of genetic variation [ 9].
Accordingly, the dendrogram based on genetic distances establishes clear-cut differences among long and medium type grain cultivars with independence of their origin (Fig. 7).
During the past forty years a plethora of methods that infer phylogenetic trees have been introduced, based on genetic distances, evolutionary parsimony, maximum-likelihood and Bayesian theory [2], [3], [4], [5], [6].
Using the mouse TNF promoter sequence as the outgroup, we performed phylogenetic analyses and obtained very strong bootstrap values for the nodes of divergence of the genera using neighbor joining methods based on genetic distances (Kimura 2-parameter model) as well as maximum parsimony (Figure 3).
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based on genetic restrictions
based on genetic science
based on genetic programming
based on genetic identification
based on genetic influence
based on genetic knowledge
based on genetic improvement
based on genetic detective
based on genetic Programming
based on genetic nature
based on genetic information
based on genetic makeup
based on genetic similarity
based on genetic engineering
based on genetic algorithm
based on physical distance
based on genetic evidence
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