Sentence examples for based on fossil data from inspiring English sources
Based on fossil data, this event probably occurred some 480 430 million years ago, during the Ordovician and the early Silurian and initiated the explosive evolution that led to the modern diversity of photosynthetic organisms living on Earth.
Recent work based on fossil data suggests that an approximate age for the basal split of the host phylogeny in figure 1 is 500 MY [19].
However, incomplete sampling may bias findings based on fossil data alone.
Branch lengths based on fossil data met the assumptions of a BM model required for independent contrasts analysis.
Based on fossil data, Scots pine glacial populations existed in the Balkans and possibly even in central Europe [Litynska-Zajac M. cited by Stewart and Lister [ 22, 23]].
This is usually accomplished by extrapolating the known age of a node (e.g. based on fossil data) to the remainder of the tree, and assuming a molecular clock.
Previous studies based on fossil pollen data have reported significant changes in vegetation on the alpine Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene.
Patterns of origination and extinction are similar in all scenarios through the Cretaceous, and while higher richness is evident in the Cenozoic with ghost ranges inferred, the level of richness is stable, compared to the rapid rise in richness found based only on fossil data.
It is widely assumed that a huge amount of sequence data and the approximate rate constancy of sequence evolution [16] make molecular estimates more reliable than those based solely on fossil data.
This step is important, as calibrations based on fossil and geological data show various degrees of uncertainty [32].
The program mcmctree was used to estimate the time of the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of the mtAncestor-1 and mtAncestor-2 sequences and the mtDNAs of Neanderthal and modern humans under two scenarios, with the divergence date between modern humans and chimpanzees of 6 8 and 5 6 million years ago as based on fossil records and molecular data, respectively.
