The authors will investigate reporting biases using funnel plots based on effective sample size and regression tests of asymmetry.
Early detection of population declines is increasingly feasible with the use of genetic monitoring based on effective population size estimators.
If there are sufficient studies included in analyses, we will investigate reporting biases using funnel plots based on effective sample size and regression tests of asymmetry, as recommended by Deeks and colleagues.
The first function describes LD decay (r dist ) based on effective population size (Ne) and distance of an imputed SNP to its nearest SNP on the lower density marker panel (c; in Morgan): r dist 2 = 1 4 * Ne * c + 1. Ne was assumed to be equal to 100 or 1000 and for distances, it was assumed that 10 base-pairs (1 Mb) are equal to 1 centiMorgan (cM) [ 26, 27].
When interpreting census figures on land distribution by size, one needs to make comparisons based on effective land units (i.e., adjusted for differences in productive capacity).
For the primary objective of the study, an estimated sample size of 106 study patients in each group was based on the effective size with α = 0.05, a power of 80%, and anticipation of a combined end point of 14.0% in placebo control versus 4.0% with EPO therapy.
For the secondary objective of this study, an estimate sample size of 93 study patients in each group was based on the effective size with α = 0.05, a power of 80%, an average difference in the circulating level of EPCs between the EPO therapy and placebo-control groups of 0.32%, and a standard deviation of circulating level of EPCs in EPO therapy of 0.7%.
To define the number of modules of a link or node the 'effective number' of modules was introduced (see Section V.6.b. in the Electronic Supplementary Material S1), which is a threshold-less, continuous measure based on the effective size of support of a probability distribution [46].
The solution taken in DIYABC is to swap between the two algorithms according to a criterion based on the effective population size, the time during which the effective size keeps its value, and the number of lineages at the start of the module.
These methods predict accuracy based on the effective population size, the number of animals in the reference data set, the heritability and the effective number of chromosome segments segregating within the population.
