Based on effective concentrations of FGF-2 for periodontal tissue regeneration in animal trials, in addition to the results of our Phase I trial in which FGF-2 was administered intravenously to healthy adult humans, we determined the concentrations and doses administered to periodontal regions of patients in the present clinical trial.
The concentrations were selected based on effective dose recorded in weanling pigs (20 ppm of AgNano)[23] and in broilers (10 ppm; LP, unpublished data), and on economically relevant level.
However, the approach based on effective potentials derived at infinite dilution has severe limitations at high concentrations due to the emergence of many-body forces arising, e.g., from particle deformations.
Two estimates of PPAR-α transactivation potency are given, the first based on the effective concentration yielding 50% of the maximal response (EC50) and the second based on the effective concentration required for a 2-fold increase in activity EC2-foldd) (Mandney and Waxman 1999).
Preliminary work done using titania-based catalysts incorporated into a designed bench-scale UV photoreactor indicates that up to 80% of styrene can be degraded to water and carbon dioxide, based on an effective concentration (C0) of 300 ppm.
Regarding antibiotic concentration and time of exposure giving rise to selection of pARB within a human (for co-uptake of eARB and a sensitive pathogen), safety could be based on the effective concentration for the specific antibiotic under consideration.
Namely, ZM26600 (2.5 uM), Pinacidil (10 uM), Y26763 (200 nM), Levcromakalim (2.5 uM), P1075 (100 nM) were tested using fixed doses, based on known effective concentrations [34].
We calculated the selectivity index (SI) of all artemisinin derivatives and GCV based on the effective drug concentration that results in 50% virus inhibition, EC50, and the drug concentration that leads to 50% cellular cytotoxicity, CC50 (Table 1).
