Sample size was determined based on an a priori power analysis and was designed to have 80% power to detect both predicted main effects and the predicted interaction, based on effect sizes of studies reported in prior literature in the target populations of interest.
Sample size calculation for testing the primary hypothesis (alveolar collapse is reduced after PSV compared to PCV in a model of experimental pulmonary ALI in rats) was based on effect estimates obtained from pilot studies.
Calculation of the required sample size was based on effect size and variance in previous studies from our laboratory (Koopman et al. 2005, 2006b, 2007a, 2008, 2009).
The sample size for the study was based on effect size estimates for this primary outcome, obtained from our previous work on pre- to post- SRI treatment effects on amygdala activation in MDD patients relative to healthy controls [ 4].
For power calculations, daily moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated at 115+30 min, with a minimum effect size of 15 min considered important based on effects in prior studies.
Based on the critical effects reported in available studies, we consider the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) value of the PBDE group to be 1 mg/kg/day (primarily based on effects of pentaBDEs).
The usual approach to perform an HKSJ analysis with metafor is based on study effects combined with fixed effects weights or standard errors.
Even worse, RCTs have reported that some antioxidants and vitamins with supposed favorable effects (based on observational studies) in fact have unfavorable effects (based on RCTs).
This conclusion is based on hydrogen deuterium isotope effect studies of various DNAPs, but arginine has a very high p Ka and is very reluctant to give up a proton, even when buried within the hydrophobic core of a protein.
This review yielded correlation coefficients based on one study only (Additional file 2; representative of one population), average effect sizes based on two studies (Table 3; representative of two populations), and average effect sizes based on three or more studies (Table 3; representative of all populations).
