Other water contact studies based on direct observations used different exposure indices, which precludes straightforward comparison [ 32, 39, 40].
It is therefore extremely difficult, if not impossible, to estimate reliable long-term noise exposure based on direct measurements.
Source: Ministry of Health, 1995 An individual's dose is calculated based on external (direct exposure) and internal exposures (i.e., consumption of milk and wild foods).
Because the intensity scores represent estimates, are not based on direct monitoring data of the subjects' work environment, and may reflect dermal exposure, we believe the parts per million estimates should be interpreted with caution.
However, to date, no study has examined an inhalation exposure to PAHs for an extended period of time based on direct monitoring of the individual.
Because they are based on direct measurements in the exposed population, they are the preferred approaches for pesticide exposure assessment in farmworkers.
Exposure to chlorpyrifos through those media and in aggregate based on direct measurements reported in this study can be used to understand better the accuracy of pesticide safety assessments.
'Tree' is an ordinary, descriptive concept based on direct observation.
The plan was based on direct and indirect feed supplements.
For upper limb exposures, a general population shoulder JEM has been established based on experts' ratings [ 28] and the first steps have been taken to construct general population JEMs based on direct technical measurements [ 29, 30].
