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Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator based on deaths from all causes.
Our results, based on deaths from all causes, suggest that advantages may outweigh disadvantages at the population level, at least for patients diagnosed with stage III disease.
However, our estimates of excess deaths from pandemic influenza based on deaths from respiratory illness and all causes were highly correlated, similar to those from other temperate countries, where baseline death rates are more seasonal (1, 3, 6 ).
Relative Survival (RS), the ratio of observed survival among a group of cases to the expected survival among the general population of the same age, sex and country, was computed based on deaths from all causes and using national life-tables [ 17].
6 Despite increasing incidence rates, United States kidney cancer mortality rates, which are based on deaths from renal cell cancer as well as cancer of the renal pelvis, have been remarkably stable over the past 15 years, fluctuating between 4.1 and 4.3 per 100,000, suggesting a benefit of early detection and consequent surgical treatment.
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The OS analysis was based on death from any cause comprising 118 events.
Breast cancer-specific survival was evaluated based on death from breast cancer; subjects who died of causes other than breast cancer were censored at time of death.
The disease-specific survival analysis, based on death from vulvar cancer only, was performed using the Kaplan Meier method and P value computed by log-rank test.
Survival based on death from gastric cancer as the event was similar in the D 1 and D 2 groups (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.79 1.39) as was recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.82 1.29).
The first set of estimates was based on published data on over 5300 lung cancer cases compiled from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and the classification research database from the Reference Center for Anatomic and Pathologic Classification of Lung Cancer (survival based on death from cancer or unknown cause) (Mountain, 1997).
Palmier et al. investigated mortality statistics based on deaths reported from a portfolio of more than 6 million life insurance applicants.
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