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One recent analysis [ 43] used 222.8 Mya based on dates for the Upper-Carnian boundary found in Gradstein et al. [ 46].
Calibration analyses are based on the ages of the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for three cladogenetic events, including the origin of subgenera Mesocarabus, Macrothorax and the sister pair Eurycarabus and Nesaeocarabus, as estimated on an nd5 phylogeny using eight calibration points based on dates for fossil and past geologic events.
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Although it seemed reasonable to use exit dates based on dates of death for this study, it may be more accurate to combine last known alive dates and dates of death in a single exit date in future analyses.
For men and women with AIDS, expected cancers were generally lowest and SIRs were generally highest for exit dates based on dates of death rather than last known alive dates.
Hg doses were assigned based on dates of vaccine and types [for details, see Supplemental Material, Appendix I, available online (doi 10.1289/ehp.0900736.S1 via http://dx.doi.org)], and the contribution to blood Hg at the time of the blood draw was estimated assuming a 7-day half-life (Pichichero et al. 2002), although shorter half-lives have also been reported (Pichichero et al. 2008).
In 1964, conscription or National Service was re-introduced, under the National Service Act (1964), for selected 20-year-olds based on date of birth, for a period of two years' continuous full-time service.
For comparison with a previous study, a further analysis based on date of diagnosis for all ALL cases, using summer-winter ratios, showed a significant summer excess.
This encompassed the known two to four week incubation period for C. burnetii and was based on date of symptom onset for 95 of the 96 cases.
Second, there is a tendency for isolates to cluster based on date of collection, such as noted for isolates from 2003, 2008, and 2011.
A series of 12 kernel maps based on date of symptom onset and accounting for a 5-day incubation period of SARS is presented in Figure 2.
We conclude that monitoring for CA clusters based on date of conception is a useful and feasible part of surveillance, particularly in relation to early detection of widespread exposures with high teratogenicity, accompanied by clear investigation protocols and expert review.
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