Sentence examples for based on control region from inspiring English sources
Previous estimates of mtDNA diversity are predominantly based on control region sequences representing only a minor fraction of the mtDNA genome.
In the present study, 12 novel haplogroups M53 to M64 (Table 2) have been identified, and the phylogenetic status of previously identified haplogroups based on control region and/or coding region information have been ascertained or redefined from 26 tribal population based dataset (Fig. 1).
With the exception of a few population studies based on complete genomes [36], [37] or coding region segments [38], [39], [40], most of the genotyping studies carried out to date were based on control region sequences [8] and/or mtSNPs at a low to moderate level of hg definition [18], [19], [20], [21], [41], [42].
Demographic reconstructions based on control region haplotypes revealed long-established maternal effective population sizes which coalesce at approximately 3.2 million years BP.
Consequently, the sequences were grouped into discernable control region haplogroup clusters (CR-HGs), i.e. clusters of haplogroups that can be confidently determined based on control region motifs.
As mentioned above, even complete taxon sampling encompassing geographic variability within species does not improve the mtDNA phylogeny based on control region sequences.
Hg assignment was then confirmed, based on control and coding region Hg defining polymorphisms (Table S2) determined by means of restriction fragment length polymorphisms or direct sequencing.
Two additional neighbor-joining trees were simulated: one based on the control region of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of 6 reptile species and one based on the MHC class I of 5 reptile species.
In a total of 3,569 samples from five European populations residing in Central and South-East Europe Austria, Germany, Hungary, Macedonia and Romaniaandand one Middle East population (Dubai), we found 1,408 samples (~39%) to belong to hg R0 based on either control region or coding region analysis.
The present study indicated that the analysis of both markers is essential to guarantee the reliability of estimates of genetic variability, given that estimates based on the Control Region may be biased, and thus reduce the effectiveness of conservation and management measures designed to guarantee the long-term protection of stocks.
