Polymorphism levels were summarized by the estimators Theta(pi) and Theta(s), which are based on average number of pairwise sequence differences and on the number of segregating sites, respectively.
Simple 2D analysis, which was based on average number of cells in each layer, yielded useful information about directionality of migration, and survival of cells in different regions of the stack (Fig. 3 4).
The quantification of mobile phone use will be based on average number of phone calls and average duration of phone calls per time unit.
Number of base substitutions per site and standard error (1000 bootstraps) calculated using the maximum composite likelihood method ([ 92] provided in MEGA v4.1 [ 93]; above diagonal) and percentage of divergence based on average number of differences (below diagonal) between species.
Productive working hours were based on average number of shifts per month and shift length, taking into account official leave days and an estimation of the annual number of sick days for nurses, doctors, and laboratory staff.
A total of 31,496 deaths were registered in 2006 compared with 28,440 (99% CI 27,500 29,380) expected deaths for the same year based on average number of deaths for the last 4 years.
Estimates of discarded catch are based on averaging numbers gained through a relatively small number of observations.
To account for differential proliferation, viable cells were enumerated at each time point and changes in metabolite concentrations normalized based on average cell numbers.
Based on average cost and the number of dams that no longer serve any practical purpose, removing them could cost $675 million.
The figures are based on average newbuild house prices and numbers of new homes being built around the country.
